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Monday, July 14, 2008
Purpose of the Blog
The purpose of this blog is to fulfill the requirements of LIS 6260: Information Science in Librarianship. During the course, students are required to expand their knowledge on topics in information science and demonstrate communication of our ideas.
Saturday, July 12, 2008
Final Post
In starting with the topic of evidence-based practice in nursing and healthcare, it was necessary to explain the need for information dissemination to healthcare professionals and why problems exist in their obtaining information. Patient care has become more complex and individuals accessing care demand the best care. With time constraints and limited knowledge in finding information of some health professionals, library and information science professionals need to continue find the best way to push information to health professionals.
Additionally during the development of this blog, a few observations were made that can be applied broadly. One observation is that information is dynamic and this is especially true in healthcare. In reflecting on the dynamic nature of information, libraries need to stay on abreast of the health care information and technology in order to provide the best methods of dissemination. RSS feeds, wikis, and podcasts are some of the newer technologies to push information to the reader. Blogs weren't specifically discussed but it is another means to disseminate as well as provide an arena for discourse on topics of interest.
Libraries have changed from a product orientation to a service orientation in their methods to assist the users. This change is from the focus on the user behavior. User behavior patterns have to be identified in order to provide the best service in providing information wherever and whenever it is wanted. In closing this is important to health professionals who have limited time demands when providing care and the increasing demands from health care consumers to have the current and best treatment available.
Additionally during the development of this blog, a few observations were made that can be applied broadly. One observation is that information is dynamic and this is especially true in healthcare. In reflecting on the dynamic nature of information, libraries need to stay on abreast of the health care information and technology in order to provide the best methods of dissemination. RSS feeds, wikis, and podcasts are some of the newer technologies to push information to the reader. Blogs weren't specifically discussed but it is another means to disseminate as well as provide an arena for discourse on topics of interest.
Libraries have changed from a product orientation to a service orientation in their methods to assist the users. This change is from the focus on the user behavior. User behavior patterns have to be identified in order to provide the best service in providing information wherever and whenever it is wanted. In closing this is important to health professionals who have limited time demands when providing care and the increasing demands from health care consumers to have the current and best treatment available.
Theories and Models on Dissemination
Unsure why but in doing an extensive search on dissemination in the library literature, difficulty was encountered in finding specific, current theories and models on the topic of dissemination. If models and theories are considered to be the basic premise for knowledge development in science, then this area may be open for future development. Any literature found came from computer and information management science that went into technical detail.
Implications of Dissemination from Physician Habits
In surveys from 30,000 scientists and social scientists on using journals and journal articles between 2003-2006 in U.S. and Australia, Tenopir (2006) discussed how librarians need to be user centric in their focus when providing services to their patrons. Two facts caught my attention.
In a comparison to astronomers and academic faculty, 80% of physicians were more likely to read current journals than journals that were two years old.
Also for pediatricians in the preference for readings by source, preferred browsing (70%) to online searching (<10%), cited in other publications (<5%), colleague (<10%), and other sources (<5%).
The point of the article by this 2006 Miles Conrad Award Lecturer (given by the National Federation of Abstracting Services) was to inform on journal reading patterns. Advise that the author gives was to know your user behavior and work habits. The users also wanted convenience on their terms - any adoption of using a new tool that helps increase productivity but is needs to be intuitive for adoption. Also skimming and scanning appeared to be how reading was done.
Tenopir, C. (2006). Building bridges to information products and services. Information Services & Use, 26, 213-221.
In a comparison to astronomers and academic faculty, 80% of physicians were more likely to read current journals than journals that were two years old.
Also for pediatricians in the preference for readings by source, preferred browsing (70%) to online searching (<10%), cited in other publications (<5%), colleague (<10%), and other sources (<5%).
The point of the article by this 2006 Miles Conrad Award Lecturer (given by the National Federation of Abstracting Services) was to inform on journal reading patterns. Advise that the author gives was to know your user behavior and work habits. The users also wanted convenience on their terms - any adoption of using a new tool that helps increase productivity but is needs to be intuitive for adoption. Also skimming and scanning appeared to be how reading was done.
Tenopir, C. (2006). Building bridges to information products and services. Information Services & Use, 26, 213-221.
Friday, July 11, 2008
Events Leading to Current Dissemination of Medical Information
When I was growing up, I had one way of accessing and receiving information - walking to the public library about a half mile away. Times have changed.
Starting with the 1960s, many developments through innovative thinkers led to the explosion of biomedical research and information. Computers, automated information systems, and the Internet provided the means to expand the dissemination of medical information. None of these accomplishments would have been possible without laws and grants to research institutions to develop the communication needed for information dissemination that we see today. In 1960, the libraries goal was to be an dynamic communication center that works with various information materials physically or virtually in all health care areas (Roderer, 1993).
National Network of Libraries of Medicine (NNLM) – Originally, National Library of Medicine (NLM) provided dissemination services through their Regional Medical Library Program, now known as NNLM. Funding was provided through Public Law 89-291, Medical Library Assistance Act (MLAA) of 1965. Its goal was to provide funding for linkage between U.S. health professionals and researchers through a national system of libraries regardless of location. NLM was the first provider of an online database, MEDLINE. GRATEFUL MED software for searching MEDLINE and LOANSOME DOC, an automatic document request service, provided individuals with information though the NNLM library (Roderer, 1993).
NNLM - http://nnlm.gov/
Integrated Academic Information Management Systems (IAIMS) – The National Library of Medicine had as its goal to create an integrated library system for management and access to medical information within the individual academic medical center. This concept originated through a report by the Association of American Medical Colleges in 1982 with NLM. The Matheson-Cooper report had long term effects on the current library information systems of today. The program is now known as the Integrated Advanced Information Management Systems with broader far reaching goals in the management of medical center information. Initial evidence from health science programs suggested that a more extensive use of information by the health profession if the information is distributed at a convenient work station with coordination among all departments. In all IAIMS programs, the library has played a fundamental but differing roles. The roles included principal investigator on grants, services for educational support materials bibliographic retrieval, curriculum support, clinical systems, and campus-wide information systems (Roderer, 1993).
IAIMS - http://www.iaimscons.org/
University of Cinncinati - http://medcenter.uc.edu/iaims/
National Research and Education Network (NREN) – The goal of NREN was to bring rapid and widespread dissemination of biomedical information. The platform for this rapidity was achieved via the Internet by the bibliographic database, MEDLINE. National networking had to be achieved first as mandated through the High Performance Computing and Communications Program ( Roderer, 1993). In 1991, High Performance Computing and Communications Program authorization came under P.L. 102-194 introduced by Senator Al Gore. This law was amended in 1998, now Next Generation Internet Research Act (P.L. 105-135). These laws helped to develop and expand the Information Superhighway (Wikipedia, 2008).
Unified Medical Language System (UMLS)
Originally, distribution of scientific material was through library or database vendors for bibliographic materials with direct distribution and indirect distribution for physical access. The NLM had as its goal to provide easy access to machine readable information from scientific literature, patient records, factual databases, and knowledge-expert systems. Initiated in 1990, the UMLS was to have three knowledge sources: Metathesaurus, Semantic Network, and an Information Sources Map. These sources continue to be worked on today for improvement. Libraries were one of the key users in the development of UMLS experimental versions ( Roderer, 1990).
National Network of Libraries of Medicine (NNLM) – Originally, National Library of Medicine (NLM) provided dissemination services through their Regional Medical Library Program, now known as NNLM. Funding was provided through Public Law 89-291, Medical Library Assistance Act (MLAA) of 1965. Its goal was to provide funding for linkage between U.S. health professionals and researchers through a national system of libraries regardless of location. NLM was the first provider of an online database, MEDLINE. GRATEFUL MED software for searching MEDLINE and LOANSOME DOC, an automatic document request service, provided individuals with information though the NNLM library (Roderer, 1993).
NNLM - http://nnlm.gov/
Integrated Academic Information Management Systems (IAIMS) – The National Library of Medicine had as its goal to create an integrated library system for management and access to medical information within the individual academic medical center. This concept originated through a report by the Association of American Medical Colleges in 1982 with NLM. The Matheson-Cooper report had long term effects on the current library information systems of today. The program is now known as the Integrated Advanced Information Management Systems with broader far reaching goals in the management of medical center information. Initial evidence from health science programs suggested that a more extensive use of information by the health profession if the information is distributed at a convenient work station with coordination among all departments. In all IAIMS programs, the library has played a fundamental but differing roles. The roles included principal investigator on grants, services for educational support materials bibliographic retrieval, curriculum support, clinical systems, and campus-wide information systems (Roderer, 1993).
IAIMS - http://www.iaimscons.org/
University of Cinncinati - http://medcenter.uc.edu/iaims/
National Research and Education Network (NREN) – The goal of NREN was to bring rapid and widespread dissemination of biomedical information. The platform for this rapidity was achieved via the Internet by the bibliographic database, MEDLINE. National networking had to be achieved first as mandated through the High Performance Computing and Communications Program ( Roderer, 1993). In 1991, High Performance Computing and Communications Program authorization came under P.L. 102-194 introduced by Senator Al Gore. This law was amended in 1998, now Next Generation Internet Research Act (P.L. 105-135). These laws helped to develop and expand the Information Superhighway (Wikipedia, 2008).
Unified Medical Language System (UMLS)
Originally, distribution of scientific material was through library or database vendors for bibliographic materials with direct distribution and indirect distribution for physical access. The NLM had as its goal to provide easy access to machine readable information from scientific literature, patient records, factual databases, and knowledge-expert systems. Initiated in 1990, the UMLS was to have three knowledge sources: Metathesaurus, Semantic Network, and an Information Sources Map. These sources continue to be worked on today for improvement. Libraries were one of the key users in the development of UMLS experimental versions ( Roderer, 1990).
Roderer, N.K., (1993). Dissemination of medical information: Organizational and technological issues in health sciences libraries. Library Trends, 42(1), 108-26.
Wikipedia (2008, July 7). High performance computing and communication act of 1991. Retrieved July 11, 2008 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_Performance_Computing_and_Communication_Act_of_1991
Wednesday, July 9, 2008
Podcasting
With the rapid changes in healthcare, health care professionals are encouraged to be lifelong learners to provide quality care. This past year, I personally have seen increasing offers for podcasts that brings information to me in my car, on the beach, home and workplace. This tool for disseminating information is simple, and dynamic as the other tools discussed in previous postings. Podcasts can be used on an MP3 player, on a computer, or a mobile phone. It also enhances the process of chunking information which is a useful in information processing. The capability of seeing and hearing provides fertile ground for educating health professionals when attending a conference or meeting may be impossible. With the current views of library no longer a physical place to seek and find information, the podcast offers innovative ways for the librarian to disseminate information anytime and anywhere. Remote communities can have access to current information. All that is needed is a microphone, a computer, audio software – free from the web, music, copy right permission, webpage to publish the podcasts, a podcast feed, and a place to record (Ralph & Olsen, 2007). Another tool to place in a librarians repetoire at providing information anytime and anywhere.
References
Ralph, J., & Olsen, S. (2007). Podcasting as an educational building block in academic libraries. Australian Academic & Research Libraries, 38(4), 270 – 279.
References
Ralph, J., & Olsen, S. (2007). Podcasting as an educational building block in academic libraries. Australian Academic & Research Libraries, 38(4), 270 – 279.
Wikis
Most of what I am writing applies across the board to information science and librarianship. The concept of wiki is another tool to disseminate and share new information. The term “wiki” was invented by Ward Cunningham in 1994. it is Hawaiian for quick or super fast. In this fast paced world of medicine, it is an appropriate tool for dissemination that is built on Web 2.0. Information can be shared and exchanged without coding languages. Pages can be created and tracked on a back end database (Barsky & Giustini, 2007).
Characteristics associated with wikis are: sharing original content and link to existing information to expand knowledge development, focuses on the combined effort among users rather than an individual author, open access for anyone to edit (for health wikis, one should have to register – this is important since incorrect information may potentially harm an individual if advise is not given by a health professional), simple to use in creating and editing pages, and the wiki is dynamic rather than static in providing information as in a textbook or journal article. Although the wiki is extremely helpful in disseminating new information for health professionals, it can be helpful to the general public as well with their increasing demands for information on health care. Barsky and Giustini (2007) described the wiki as an evidence-based collaboration tool.
References
Barsky, E., & Giustini, D. (2007). Introducing Web 2.0: Wikis for health librarians. JCHLA/JABSC, 28, 147-150.
Wikis in Health Care–
The Joint Commission – accrediting agency for health care organizations, formerly known as JCAHO - http://wikihealthcare.jointcommission.org/twiki/bin/view/Home/WebHome
Health Impact Assessment Community Wiki - http://www.seedwiki.com/wiki/health_impact_assessment_hia_community_wiki/
University of Buffalo Health Science Library Wiki – extensive list of wikis - http://libweb.lib.buffalo.edu/dokuwiki/hslwiki/doku.php
Ask Dr. Wiki - http://askdrwiki.com/mediawiki/index.php?title=Physician_Medical_Wiki
Nursing Wiki - http://en.nursingwiki.org/wiki/Main_Page
PubDrug - http://smbrower.com/mediawiki/index.php/Main_Page
Characteristics associated with wikis are: sharing original content and link to existing information to expand knowledge development, focuses on the combined effort among users rather than an individual author, open access for anyone to edit (for health wikis, one should have to register – this is important since incorrect information may potentially harm an individual if advise is not given by a health professional), simple to use in creating and editing pages, and the wiki is dynamic rather than static in providing information as in a textbook or journal article. Although the wiki is extremely helpful in disseminating new information for health professionals, it can be helpful to the general public as well with their increasing demands for information on health care. Barsky and Giustini (2007) described the wiki as an evidence-based collaboration tool.
References
Barsky, E., & Giustini, D. (2007). Introducing Web 2.0: Wikis for health librarians. JCHLA/JABSC, 28, 147-150.
Wikis in Health Care–
The Joint Commission – accrediting agency for health care organizations, formerly known as JCAHO - http://wikihealthcare.jointcommission.org/twiki/bin/view/Home/WebHome
Health Impact Assessment Community Wiki - http://www.seedwiki.com/wiki/health_impact_assessment_hia_community_wiki/
University of Buffalo Health Science Library Wiki – extensive list of wikis - http://libweb.lib.buffalo.edu/dokuwiki/hslwiki/doku.php
Ask Dr. Wiki - http://askdrwiki.com/mediawiki/index.php?title=Physician_Medical_Wiki
Nursing Wiki - http://en.nursingwiki.org/wiki/Main_Page
PubDrug - http://smbrower.com/mediawiki/index.php/Main_Page
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